Superoxide dismutase, Porcine erythrocytes (SOD) is the only antioxidant enzyme that scavenges the superoxide anion by converting this free radical to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, thus preventing peroxynitrite production and further damage. Superoxide dismutase, Porcine erythrocytes is extensively researched and used in anti-inflammatory, antitumor, radiation protection, and antisenility applications.

AtPep3 is a hormone-like peptide that plays a role in the salinity stress tolerance of plants.

在大鼠缺氧期间，α-生育醌的水平被发现升高。据报道，它可以下调线粒体的呼吸活动。