Jacoline, jaconine, jacobine, and jacozine, the hepatotoxic alkaloids, are potentially carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic and may pose health hazards to the human consumer.

This is a hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1 a) 19-mer fragment. HIF-1 functions as master regulator of response to oxygen homeostasis. Hypoxia-induced gene expression is initiated when HIF-1 subunit is stabilized in response to a lack of oxygen. This part of HIF-1 binds to the von Hippel-Lindau factor (VHL) an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and the proline 564 is absolutely critical to the binding process.

AC-PHE-OME (Methyl N-acetyl-L-phenylalaninate) is a marine derived natural products found in Family Jaspidae.