(D-Ala2,Hyp4,Tyr5)-β-Casomorphin (1-5) amide

D-焦谷氨酸 (PCA) 是谷氨酸的环状衍生物，生理上存在于哺乳动物组织中。研究表明，PCA 从大脑皮层释放 GABA，并在大鼠的简单接近-回避冲突情况下显示出抗焦虑作用。

Substance P (7-11) is a C-terminal fragment of Substance P, which can cause an increase in the intracellular calcium concentration as measured by the fluorescent dye Fura-2. In addition, the C-terminal fragment of SP, SP-(7-11), increased PGE2 and collagenase production at concentrations greater than 1 mM.